Aspirational code of conduct – A statement of a company’s aims that offer general principles that do not require confirmation that firms are meeting their commitments. 

Conduct codes – Specific documents that denote in detail what types of behavior are acceptable in specific circumstances.

Conflict of interest statutes – Statutes intended to provide guidance to public officers and private citizens dealing with the government.

Disclosure of interests – A relatively common protection against conflicts of interest that is included in the ethics rules of several countries.

Ethics codes – General documents that identify and state the principles and the values of the people to whom they apply and do not establish sanctions and punishments for violations of the code itself.

Sanctions – Punishments for violations of the dispositions of the code.

Sanctioning – A response to misconduct that penalizes lawmakers for violating a moral principle or international law or national guideline.